Saturation

Clamp a signal between lower and upper limits.

  • signal
  • Gradara equations
  • 2 ports
  • 2 parameters
BlockSaturationKindsaturationLibraryNonlinear

Description

Clamps its input between a lower and an upper limit. Inside the limits the input passes unchanged.

Example

Nonlinearities Saturation, dead zone, relay, and rate limiter acting on the same sine.

Sine, amplitude 2Saturation ±1Dead zone ±0.5RelayRate limit 2/s
In Gradara, select a Saturation block and press F1, then choose Open example. It opens as a new model in My models, ready to run.

Also in this example:Sine waveDead zoneRelayRate limiter

Ports

Inputs 1

  • inusignal

    Input signal.

Outputs 1

  • outysignal

    Output signal, u limited to the range from Lower limit to Upper limit.

Parameters

  • Lower limitlower-24

    Lower limit. Should not exceed Upper limit.

  • Upper limitupper24

    Upper limit. Should not be below Lower limit.

Equations

Modelica
y = max(lower, min(upper, u))

Implementation

The block’s Modelica model
y = max(lower, min(upper, u));

Assumptions and limitations

  • Limits are not checked against each other. If Lower limit exceeds Upper limit, the output is Lower limit for every input.

Tips

  • To limit an integrator itself rather than its output, use Limited integrator.

Used in

These larger examples use it too. Open them from Examples in the app.

  • EV drivetrain
  • 480 VAC → 24 VDC flyback
  • PMSM · Field-oriented control

See also

Select a block in Gradara and press F1 to open its page offline.